{
  "answer": "A cyber operation may qualify as an armed attack when its scale and effects are comparable to serious kinetic force, such as death, injury, physical destruction, or severe disabling effects. States and scholars disagree about some functional, cumulative, and economic effects, so the assessment must identify the exact operation, consequences, attribution, legal position, and current primary authority.",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://xn--mwe.com/questions/when-can-cyber-operation-be-armed-attack/",
  "claimStatus": "DISPUTED",
  "correctionStatus": "CURRENT K05 RELEASE",
  "id": "K01-ANSWER-075",
  "lastReviewed": "2026-08-16",
  "question": "When can a cyber operation qualify as an armed attack?",
  "releaseId": "K12-2026-08-16",
  "researchCutoff": "2026-08-16",
  "shortAnswer": "A cyber operation may qualify as an armed attack when its scale and effects are comparable to serious kinetic force, such as death, injury, physical destruction, or severe disabling effects. States and scholars disagree about some functional, cumulative, and economic effects, so the assessment must identify the exact operation, consequences, attribution, legal position, and current primary authority.",
  "slug": "when-can-cyber-operation-be-armed-attack",
  "sourceRevalidatedAt": "2026-08-15T23:00:00Z",
  "status": "DISPUTED",
  "topic": "law-jurisdiction",
  "type": "Question"
}