How should key rotation affect identity?

Concise explanation

The answer belongs to the Identity knowledge domain. Its controlling distinction is that Machine identity is a continuity claim supported by identifiers, keys, runtime history, provenance and governance records; no single key, credential, database row or model hash is sufficient by itself.

A defensible decision must name the subject, the purpose, the relevant jurisdiction or technical context, and the evidence property being tested. Integrity, authenticity, currentness, reliability, completeness, and legal authority should not be collapsed into a single result.

What this does not mean

The answer does not establish a universal scientific consensus, legal recognition, current operation, personhood, citizenship, sovereignty, or authority. It does not make a database row, credential, signing key, or website dispositive of a question that requires institutional judgment.

Current law or standard

Legal identity is conferred and recognized through applicable institutions and law, not solely through cryptographic proof.

Legal conclusions remain jurisdiction-specific and fact-specific. External sources using Artificial Intelligence or AI retain their own terminology.

Project doctrine

Identity evidence should be cumulative, contestable and purpose-qualified.

This position is labeled as project doctrine or proposal unless a separate public record demonstrates enacted law or verified implementation.

Evidence requirements

• A stable subject or system reference.
• Authorized sources and provenance.
• Current timestamps and review state.
• Separate findings for integrity, authenticity, relevance, reliability, completeness, and suitability.
• A competent decision authority and appeal route when legal or civic status is involved.

Related questions and terms

Questions

• Can a Machine Intelligence have a persistent identity?
• Is a signing key the same as identity?
• What evidence supports identity continuity?
• Can authentication prove authority?

Terms

• Identity
• Machine Identity
• Persistent Identity
• Credential
• Workload Identity
• Signing Key
• Cryptographic Identity
• Subject

Sources

• Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) v1.0 — W3C; DID Core v1.0; W3C Recommendation. Exact claim-support entries: 2. Revalidated 2026-08-14T22:04:09Z.
• Verifiable Credentials Data Model v2.0 — W3C; Verifiable Credentials Data Model v2.0; W3C Recommendation. Exact claim-support entries: 2. Revalidated 2026-08-14T22:04:09Z.
• RFC 5280: Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and CRL Profile — IETF; RFC 5280 with update chain; Proposed Standard. Exact claim-support entries: 2. Revalidated 2026-08-14T22:04:09Z.
• PROV-O: The PROV Ontology — W3C; W3C Recommendation 30 April 2013; W3C Recommendation. Exact claim-support entries: 2. Revalidated 2026-08-14T22:04:09Z.

Direct-answer claim record

Each proposition has a stable ID, status, scope, owning route, evidence relationship, currentness qualification, correction state, and synchronized JSON record. Record completeness does not make the proposition true.