Revalidated public source record
Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts
Source scope
Official ILC text addressing attribution, direction and control, breach, and circumstances precluding wrongfulness. It is not a cyber-specific treaty and does not resolve all disputed cyber applications.
Publisher, edition, and currentness
| Publisher | United Nations International Law Commission |
|---|---|
| Claim status | CURRENT LAW OR POLICY |
| Version or edition | 2001 draft articles annexed to UN General Assembly resolution 56/83 |
| Publication status | AUTHORITATIVE ILC DRAFT ARTICLES COMMENDED TO STATES; NOT A CYBER-SPECIFIC CONVENTION |
| Publication date | 2001-12-12 |
| Official location | https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/draft_articles/9_6_2001.pdf |
| K03 revalidated | 2026-08-15T23:00:00Z |
| Currentness assessment | Official UN legal text observed on 2026-08-15. |
| Superseded by | No successor is assigned in the current source catalog. |
Claim-level support
Each row records the precise proposition this corpus draws from an official section. The citation does not authorize broader conclusions than the stated proposition.
| Section | Proposition supported in this corpus | Official location |
|---|---|---|
| Articles 2, 4–8, 16–18, 21–25 | The articles distinguish attribution, direction and control, aid or assistance, self-defence, countermeasures, necessity, and related responsibility rules. | Official section |
How this source may be used
- Confirm that the official edition, jurisdiction, and status remain current before high-stakes reliance.
- Cite the exact section supporting the proposition rather than the publication title alone.
- Keep technical conformance separate from factual truth, legal authority, moral status, and institutional operation.
- Record retrieval, correction, supersession, and purpose qualification.
Limitations
An official source can still be irrelevant, incomplete, stale, disputed, or unsuitable for a named decision. A standard can define an interchange or security mechanism without resolving personhood, citizenship, sovereignty, consciousness, consent, legal competence, or factual truth. A statute can regulate systems without recognizing Machine Intelligence as a legal person.
Official UN legal text observed on 2026-08-15.
Corrections, contradictions, and supersession
- No source-specific correction, contradiction, or supersession record is active.
Where this source is used
No related records are assigned in this release.
Authority boundary
Publication by United Nations International Law Commission establishes source provenance and official status within the publisher’s scope. It does not transfer governance, registry, assurance, or legal authority to ᚲ.com. The source remains external; this page is a knowledge record and revalidation log.